Egypt

• 30-April-1250 : King Louis IX of France is released by his Egyptian captors, after paying a ransom of one million dinars and turning over the city of Damietta.
• 03-July-1250 : Battle of Fariskur: Louis IX of France is captured by Baibars' Mamluk army while he is in Egypt conducting the Seventh Crusade; he later has to ransom himself.
• 24-October-1260 : Saif ad-Din Qutuz, Mamluk sultan of Egypt, is assassinated by Baibars, who seizes power for himself.
• 03-February-1517 : Battle of Ridaniya: The Turkish forces of Selim I defeat the main Mamluk army in Egypt under Touman Bey. <!<!<! Unsourced image removed: Cairo is captured by the Ottoman Empire; the Mamluk Sultanate falls.
• 08-May-1773 : In Egypt, Ottoman rebels revolt, killing Ali Bey, Mamluk Sultan of Egypt.
• 01-July-1798 : Napoleon's troops land in Egypt.
• 15-July-1799 : In the Egyptian port city of Rosetta, French Captain Pierre Bouchard finds the Rosetta Stone.
• 25-July-1799 : At Aboukir in Egypt, Napoleon Bonaparte defeats 10,000 Ottoman Mamluk troops under Mustafa Pasha.
• 19-May-1803 : Master Malati, a Coptic Christian leader, is beheaded by a Muslim mob in Cairo, Egypt.
• 09-July-1805 : Lewis and Clark Expedition: Scouting ahead of the expedition, Meriwether Lewis and four companions sight the Great Falls of the Missouri River, confirming they are heading in the right direction. <!<!<!IMAGEIMAGEIMAGE> Muhammad Ali Pasha founds his dynasty in Egypt.